The top 3 TAAs most frequently expressed by cells were oncofetal antigen NEUROG1 (cluster 3 of the heatmap in Fig. 3C), IMPG2 (cluster 1), and PIK3R3. NEUROG1 was expressed in most tumors across all subgroups but not all the cells in each patient’s tumor expressed NEUROG1. NEUROG1 was expressed in 61.98% of cells, while IMPG2 and PIK3R3 were expressed in 49.8% and 37.51%, respectively. Here, PIK3R3 is linked to neoplasm.