In conclusion, our study revealed the following: (1) Elevated TLR2 levels were observed in PV and ET patients compared to MF (Figure 1(a)); (2) TLR2 levels were associated with Jak2 mutations (Figure 4(a)) and leukocytosis (Figure 4(b)); (3) enhanced in vitro LPI was induced by PM3CSK4 (a TLR2 agonist), but not by LPS (a TLR4 agonist), and this response was markedly diminished by a TLR2 inhibitor, but not by a TLR4 inhibitor (Figures 6(a) and 6(b), clinical evidence showed that patients with elevated TLR2 levels experience more thrombosis than patients with normal TLR2 levels. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is essential thrombocythemia.