VEGFB and Alzheimer disease: Studies suggest VEGF signaling through VEGFR2 might have neuroprotective effects, promoting neuronal survival under hypoxic conditions (Wittko-Schneider, et al., 2013; Silva-Hucha et al., 2021), and brain expression of VEGFB is associated with cognitive aging and Alzheimer’s disease (Mahoney et al., 2021).