PPARGC1A and polycystic ovary syndrome: Treatment of PCOS-GCs with MenSCs exhibited a nearly two-fold increase in PGC-1α protein expression compared to MenSCs-EXO (P = 0.0001 vs MenSCs-EXO), indicating the superior efficacy of cell-based therapy in restoring mitochondrial biogenesis (Fig. 10c).