MTOR and renal cell carcinoma: For example, curcumin represses cell viability and induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in GC cells.27 Curcumin also restrains cell viability but enhances renal cell carcinoma apoptosis and autophagy by suppressing the AKT/mTOR pathway.28 Curcumin inhibits cell proliferation and tumor growth but facilitates cell death in lung cancer by inducing ferroptosis through activating autophagy.29 Additionally, the previous study suggested that curcumin stimulated autophagy by repressing the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,30 which is one significant signaling pathway involved in cancer development.