PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Therefore, Lu et al., 2020 conducted clinical trials to try and obtain similar results in human patients, where phase I (NCT02793856) of this trial, which was the first-in-human trial, consisted of the re-infusion of CRISPR–Cas9 PD-1-edited T cells in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, and then obtaining the results.