ATF4 and chronic kidney disease: In line with this notion, previously we have shown that DPD enhances vascular calcification in a mice model of CKD (Tóth et al., 2022), and here we described that DPD-induced activation of the PERK‐eIF2α‐ATF4‐CHOP axis of ER stress contributes to the pro-calcification effect of DPD.