With few exceptions, the results were similar after adjusting for physiological/lifestyle factors (body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, APOE genotype, alcohol consumption, smoking) and excluding dementia cases documented within 5 years postinfection; however, after applying a 10-year exclusion criterion, risk for AD dementia was attenuated whereas risk of all-cause dementia and VaD persisted (Supplementary Table 7 and Extended Data Fig. 2a,b). The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is dementia.