MAVS and viral infectious disease: MAVS, when activated, forms filaments approximately 400 nm in length containing hundreds of MAVS molecules (12), which is observed in this study using SR-SIM in A549, BMDM, and MEF cells with virus infection (Fig. 1I and SI Appendix, Fig. S3F) or poly(I:C) transfection (Fig. 2I and SI Appendix, Fig. S4H).