Gallic acid has been reported to be able to improve ulcerative colitis in mice by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome (Yu et al., 2023) and alleviate gouty arthritis by enhancing Nrf2 signaling and repressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cleavage (Lin et al., 2020). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is gout.