Secretory CAFs highly express secretory proteins, such as various growth factors (e.g., Insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1), Platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGFD), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) seven and Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB)) that mediate angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation. Here, PDGFD is linked to cancer.