The expression of SEMA3F, NRP1, NRP2, EMT proteins and other genes related to invasion capacity (MMPs, TIMP2, E-cadherin, vimentin, TGFβ1 and SMAD4) was also analysed within the Oslo BC patient cohort composed of 57 pure DCIS and 313 IDC samples [48] (Fig. 7d, e). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.