IRS1 and lung cancer: Specifically, DTP cells emerging during anti-EGFR therapy in lung cancer demonstrate a remarkable level of resilience that permits the cells to have a highly stable chance of sustaining a response, enabled by the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).111 The phosphorylated state bestows various long-term memories upon the modified DTP cells, allowing them to present heritable components when the relevant drug is reintroduced following a treatment interruption.