NLRC4 and Salmonella Infections: FlaTox mimics Salmonella infection as it activates the NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome, the cytosolic sensors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion systems, and induces pyroptosis and expulsion of intestinal epithelial cells.40, 42 To test whether inflammasome-induced intestinal epithelial cell pyroptosis was also reduced in the absence of Gzms, WT and GzmA/B dKO mice were treated with FlaTox for 1 h, and propidium iodide (PI) to label dying cells, prior to euthanasia.