In this work, we shown that NEU4 was significantly increased in patients with renal fibrosis, in mice undergoing unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or receiving folic acid, and in human tubular epithelial HK‐2 cells or primary tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) stimulated with TGF‐β. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is Ureteral obstruction.