ROS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: ROS1 gene fusions have been discovered in a diverse array of cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Gainor and Shaw, 2013; Lin and Shaw, 2017), glioblastoma (Ou et al., 2012), cholangiocarcinoma (Lee et al., 2015), and others (Drilon et al., 2021).