For another example, researchers disclosed that EVs isolated from pan peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonist-stimulated iMSCs (pan PPAR-iMSC-EVs) ameliorated the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), reduced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial stress, and promoted regeneration of hepatocytes (Kim et al., 2021). Here, PPARA is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.