These genes included PARK7, ACP6, ECI2, GUK1, of which the genetically predicted high levels were inversely associated with AF risk; and NME4, NUDT2, PRDX6, MMAB, FAM213A, NT5M, ACAA1, GSR, and DNAJC30, of which the genetically predicted high levels were positively associated with AF risk (Supplementary Table S6). Here, ACAA1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.