CENPA and breast cancer: Studies have shown that in human primary fibroblasts, reduction of CENPA leads to cellular senescence dependent on the p53 pathway (Maehara et al., 2010).And the elevated expression levels in several malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma, renal clear cell carcinoma, breast cancer, and endometrial carcinoma (Rosin and Mellone, 2017; Wang et al., 2021; Liao et al., 2023; Stirpe and Heun, 2023; Li et al., 2024; Wu et al., 2024) have been associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis.