CCL2 and infection: Increased transcription of collagen triple-helix repeat complex (cthrc) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-sma) suggested the participation of activated fibroblasts in ΔadsA infection (Fig. 4c) as did the combination of increased IP-10, IL-6, MCP-1 and TGFB1 (Fig. 4d,e)29,30.