FTO and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Some studies in the Mexican population also found no association of BMI or other indicators of obesity [i.e., waist circumference, body fat (%), and energy intake] with the risk allele A from FTO-rs9939609 (Villalobos-Comparán et al., 2017; Chama-Avilés et al., 2023).