comprehensively investigated the protective role of the CAP pathway in the ALI model: the nAChR agonists monepantel and lobeline, the specific α7nAChR agonists AR‐R17779 hydrochloride and GTS‐21, as well as the anticholinesterase neostigmine attenuated LPS‐induced pulmonary inflammation and tissue injury in ALI mice. The gene discussed is CHRNA4; the disease is acute respiratory distress syndrome.