As an A2A receptor agonist, polydeoxyribonucleotide downregulates the production of LPS‐elevated pro‐inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic factors, and promotes the recovery of injured lung of ALI rats via potently attenuating MAPK/NF‐κB signaling pathway; meanwhile, the A2A receptor blocker 7‐dimethyl‐1‐propargylxanthine reverses the effects.129. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.