Abnormal changes of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway are believed to be a major indicator for differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC), while RET proto-oncogene mutations for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and chromosomal abnormalities along with several mutations such as TP53 and CTNNB1 for ATC.1008–1011 Diagnostic researches of thyroid cancer have been long focused on non-invasive diagnosis. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is medullary thyroid gland carcinoma.