Interestingly, two novel dual inhibitors, MIR002 and GEM144, have been shown to specifically inhibit POLA1, causing S-phase arrest and activation of the ATR pathway, and have also demonstrated significant antitumor activity when administered orally in two different human orthotopic malignant pleural mesothelioma xenografts [11]. The gene discussed is ATR; the disease is malignant pleural mesothelioma.