Second, in HCC patients with a history of alcohol abuse, elevated expressions of S100A2, S100A7, S100A13, and S100P were related to shorter OS, but in HCC patients without a history of alcohol abuse, elevated expressions of S100A9 and S100A5 were associated with shorter OS and longer OS, respectively (Figure 6). Here, S100A9 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.