AZIN1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Multiple studies have demonstrated that hyper A-to-I editing of AZIN1, modulated by ADAR1, is associated with the tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC), endometrial cancer (Nakamura et al., 2022), gastric cancer (GC) (Wang et al., 2023a), liver cancer (Shibata et al., 2023), and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) (Qin et al., 2014), and that recoding of AZIN is correlated with worse prognosis.