TNF and Sepsis: Another study revealed that naringenin protects against sepsis-related lung damage through AMPK-activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3)-dependent negative regulation of the LPS/TLR4 signaling pathway, suppressing the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, TLR4, iNOS, cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX2), and NOX2 [184].