Significant predictors of clinically significant insomnia (ISI ≥ 15) in the control group included the following: NTF3 gene expression (OR: 14.0, 95% CI: 1.3–154.4, p = 0.031) and ME and AM score of CQ (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.5, p = 0.017 and OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.6, p = 0.049, respectively); meanwhile, in the OSA group, predictors were ME and AM scores of CQ (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.2, p = 0.043 and OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.3, p = 0.019, respectively). The gene discussed is NTF3; the disease is insomnia.