In line with these T1D clinical data, our previous clinical studies showed that the percentage of monocytes expressing an M1 marker was markedly decreased in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients four weeks after stem cell educator therapy and that co-culture of CD14+ monocytes with CB-SC significantly down-regulated numbers of inflammation-related genes, including chemokines, multiple cytokines, and matrix metallopeptidases [22]. Here, CD14 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.