REN and Hyperglycemia: This condition is mediated by cytokines that are primarily released via the activation of nuclear factor NF-κB through different mechanisms: the most relevant are represented by hyperglycemia, increased levels of fatty acids (FAs), mitochondrial dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), derangement in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) and the accumulation of AGEs [19].