A statistically significant increased expression of ATG4A (p = 0.0047), ATG4D (p = 0.018), and ATG5 (p = 0.019) was documented in the bronchiolar epithelium as well in alveolar lining for ATG4A (p = 0.0036), ATG4B (p = 0.0054), ATG4C (p = 0.0064), ATG4D (p = 0.0084), ATG5 (p = 0.0088), and ATG7 (p = 0.018) in patients with stable COPD compared to control groups. Here, ATG4B is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.