TNF and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Briefly, the plasma levels of CRP (6.78 × 106 pg/mL; p < 0.001), VEGF-D (206.2 ± 71.18 pg/mL, p = 0.002), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (0.3899 pg/mL; p = 0.041), and interleukin (IL)-10 (0.1528 pg/mL; p = 0.008) were significantly higher in T1DM individuals compared to HCs.