SQSTM1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Still, this is a counterintuitive concept, as the transient induction of Nrf2 is generally protective against cellular insult [13], but it has been clearly shown that dysregulated, chronic induction of Nrf2 by p62 is pathological in liver [33] and that Nrf2 and p62 in liver coordinately promote HCC [32,35].