By analysing the expression levels of BCl-2 and Bax, the authors showed that miR-494 upregulated autophagy and also regulated phosphorylation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, which, the authors argued, provides valuable insights into the aetiological mechanisms driving diabetic cardiomyopathy [83]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and diabetic cardiomyopathy.