Immunohistochemistry (with peroxidase-labelled antibodies) and immunofluorescence (with Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated probes) for Akt (serine/threonine-protein kinase), NF-κB, and Bad (Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death) as well as TUNEL assay demonstrated in hepatoma cell lines and in mouse tumor liver sections that carnosic acid-loaded chitosan NPs were able to accelerate apoptosis thus slowing down cancer progression [111]. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and cancer.