Consistent with our results, N-acetylcysteine treatment in type 2 diabetic mice has been shown to effectively preserve the expression of antioxidant enzymes, attenuate ROS production in diabetic ischemic limbs, and reverse the levels of phosphorylated IRS-1, Akt, eNOS, and plasma TNF-α [39]. The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.