CTSD and hepatocellular carcinoma: Ju et al., 2021, in their study on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC; Huh-7 and SK-Hep-1 cells), reported that the treatment of kaempferol significantly reduced and suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion of the HCCs, and that this action of kaempferol was backed by decreased activity of MMP9, Cathepsin C, Cathepsin D, and phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) [62].