PPARA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Kuang et al. reported that PBd significantly alleviated hepatic fat accumulation in mice, and its metabolite γ-linolenic acid can inhibit the expression of hepatic CYP7A1 by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) signaling pathway, thereby improving NAFLD [11], while PBd and its other metabolite pentadecanoic acid also effectively inhibited the progress of Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis [12].