Interference with many signaling pathways, such as NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Herpes simplex infection, Hepatitis C, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and many factors, such as Atp13A4 and Gbgt1, affect the proliferation and apoptosis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Here, ATP13A4 is linked to hepatitis C virus infection.