For example, human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) transduced with adenoviral vectors expressing IL-18, IFN-β and other key cytokines, such as TRAIL (TNFSF10), as well as key anti-angiogenic agents, pro-apoptotic proteins and growth factor antagonists, effectively inhibited tumour cell proliferation, cancer initiation and development and the formation of metastases; they were also found to induce apoptosis [52,177,178]. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is cancer.