Moreover, the anti-tumour phenotype of MSCs may also facilitate neoplastic progression via the production of chemokines, such as CXCL 1/5/6 /7/8, and CCL5, and growth factors, such as VEGF, EGF and PDGF; this can result in the acquisition of key genetic and epigenetic changes by the cancer cells, which may protect them against cytotoxic cells and drugs and promote metastasis. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and cancer.