We have previously shown that heterozygous (Dlx5/6VgatCre/+ mice) and homozygous (Dlx5/6VgatCre mice) Dlx5/6 invalidation in GABAergic neurons result in reduced anxiety-like behaviours and in a decreased density of prefrontal PV-neurons [41,47], while overexpression of Dlx5 in GABAergic neurons (GABAergicDlx5/+ mice) [47] induces opposite phenotypes. This evidence concerns the gene DLX5 and Anxiety.