ALB and diabetes mellitus: Chemical examination of urine samples includes testing for a variety of chemical compounds that can be found in urine samples, including the presence of proteins (mostly albumins), which indicates kidney failure, heart failure, or dehydration; pH level, which may be related to UTIs or diabetes; ketones and glucose, which are related to diabetes and its complications; bilirubin, related to liver diseases; and leukocytes, which are mostly observed in UTIs or urinary tract inflammation [3,10].