Melatonin's roles in promoting sleep during the light phase and reducing oxidative stress have been observed across nocturnal rodents and diurnal animals, including humans.[26, 62, 63, 64, 65] Furthermore, numerous studies in humans have demonstrated that melatonin administration improves sleep disorders via MT1/2Rs and enhances memory and cognitive function.[63] These insights suggest that MT3Rs may also contribute to dendritic spine shrinkage during sleep in diurnal animals like humans. This evidence concerns the gene MTNR1A and sleep disorder.