NFKB1 and neurodegenerative disease: DMF has been shown to alleviate hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases through the blockage of pro-inflammatory NF-κB (Gillard et al., 2015), the upregulation of the antioxidant NRF2-ARE pathway (Rosito et al., 2020), and by increasing mitochondrial function (Hui et al., 2021).