In treated Pan02 tumors, the number of CD8+ T cells increased, and there was a decrease in immune suppressive cells, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells, T regulatory cells, and tumor-associated macrophages.16 In NPS-treated murine liver tumors, CD103+ dendritic cells accumulate in the tumor, as did CD8+ T cells expressing interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).23 In the 4T1 breast cancer model, central memory CD8+ T cells greatly increased and immune-suppressing MDSC levels fell in the spleen of mice whose tumor was ablated with NPS.20 This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and breast carcinoma.