The pro-inflammatory mediators tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contribute to the recruitment and activation of Kupffer cells, whilst the massive activation of Kupffer cells eventually leads to NAFLD (3). Here, IL1B is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.