The expression of TIM-3 was found to be increased ex vivo in CD8+ (Lasso et al., 2015; Pérez-Antón et al., 2020) and CD4+ (Pérez-Antón et al., 2021) T cells from patients with Chagas disease versus HD, predominantly in patients with cardiac symptoms. The gene discussed is HAVCR2; the disease is Chagas disease.