Apart from BMDMφs, recent research has also identified an enrichment of NRF2-mediated transcriptional signature in tumor-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which are immature myeloid cells that inhibit the activation of T cells (Gabrilovich et al., 2007), the cytotoxic functions of NK cells (Liu C. et al., 2007) and the induction of T regulatory cells (Huang et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and neoplasm.