TNF and COVID-19: In the short time since the emergence of COVID-19, several studies have reported abnormal levels of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, M-CSF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IP-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1, MIP1-α, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), TNF-α and growth factor reported vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (2-4).