APPL1 and neoplasm: Upon receipt of the samples for the research program, a tumour board (n = 11, chaired by J.J.O’L) also reviewed the pathology within each patient sample using routine pathology techniques before several pathologists (n = 6; Australia, New Zealand and Ireland), scientists (n = 4) and the tumour board (n = 11) assessed the same samples using the biomarkers Appl1, Sortilin and Syndecan-113,14.